Philosophy Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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Experimental Psychology on Deceptions - Dictionary of Arguments
Parisi I 105 Deception/methods/Experimental psychology/Wilkinson-Ryan: Traditionally, psychological methods permitted deception. One of the canonical studies of how individuals relate to authority (surely a question with implications for law) was reported in Stanley Milgram’s 1963(1) paper on obedience. >Milgram experiment, >Conformity, >Obedience. Milgram brought a subject into his lab, purportedly for a study of memory, and instructed him or her to “teach” another participant (actually a confederate, who is an actor pretending to be a subject) by way of increasingly strong electric shocks. Milgram was, in fact, measuring how much voltage each subject was willing to inflict on the other. In this case, the deception was multilayered. The study was not a study of memory; the subject being administered shocks was a member of the research team and not another subject; and there were no real shocks. One of the effects of experimental economics on psychological study of legal questions has been a move away from the use of deception. Deception is often highly expedient from a financial and logistical standpoint, but it muddies interpretation of results. Whether or not Milgram’s subjects were behaving egregiously is a difficult question when we know that none of them in fact did any harm. Deception/experiment: More practically, Parisi I 106 subjects participating in an experiment in a laboratory that uses deception may behave differently than they would if they could, and should, trust the experimenter to be telling the truth. The methodological question in this area might be thought of informally as: What do the participants think is going on here? >Experiments, >Method. 1. Milgram, Stanley (1963). Behavioral Study of Obedience. In: Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology. 67, pp. 371–378. Wilkinson-Ryan, Tess. „Experimental Psychology and the Law“. In: Parisi, Francesco (ed) (2017). The Oxford Handbook of Law and Economics. Vol 1: Methodology and Concepts. NY: Oxford University Press._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Experimental Psychology Parisi I Francesco Parisi (Ed) The Oxford Handbook of Law and Economics: Volume 1: Methodology and Concepts New York 2017 |
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Ed. Martin Schulz, access date 2024-04-28